Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

When choosing an IV site on an elderly patient, you should:

1. Prefer veins close to the heart

2. Know that varicose veins allow minimal circulation

3. Always use ultrasound guidance

4. Focus only on the dominant arm

The correct answer is: Know that varicose veins allow minimal circulation

When selecting an IV site for an elderly patient, understanding the circulation and characteristics of the veins is crucial. Varicose veins, which are often found in older adults, can indeed affect circulation. They are characterized by a twisting and bulging appearance and may not provide optimal blood flow for infusion. This diminished circulation can complicate the administration of IV fluids or medications, leading to potential complications, such as infiltration or phlebitis. Recognizing that varicose veins can indicate poor venous return contributes to selecting a site with adequate blood flow, ensuring that the IV line functions effectively. While veins close to the heart may be more desirable in certain scenarios due to their size and blood flow, the presence of varicosities must be evaluated to avoid complications. Using ultrasound guidance can be beneficial in many cases, but it is not always mandatory for every patient, and limiting focus to only one arm disregards the possibility of finding a good site in the non-dominant arm as well. Thus, understanding the implications of varicose veins and their effects on circulation is essential for safe and effective IV access in elderly patients.