Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

Which vital sign is most concerning for a patient with potential septic shock?

1. Increased blood pressure

2. Decreased respiratory rate

3. Weak, rapid pulse

4. Normal temperature

The correct answer is: Weak, rapid pulse

In the context of a patient with potential septic shock, a weak and rapid pulse is particularly concerning. This pattern indicates that the body may be struggling to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs, which is a hallmark of septic shock. Septic shock arises from a severe infection leading to systemic inflammation, which can result in vasodilation and a drop in blood pressure. In response, the heart compensates by increasing the pulse rate to maintain cardiac output. However, if the pulse is weak despite being rapid, it signifies that the heart is unable to effectively circulate blood, which can lead to organ failure if not addressed promptly. On the other hand, increased blood pressure is not typically seen in septic shock; often, blood pressure decreases due to vasodilation. A decreased respiratory rate is also not indicative of septic shock, where you would expect tachypnea due to hypoxia or metabolic acidosis. Finally, a normal temperature may occur, but fever is more commonly associated with infection, so it would not raise immediate concern as a vital sign in septic shock. Understanding these vital sign implications is crucial for assessing and managing patients in a potential septic shock scenario.